ĭespite the popularity and wide use of the song, Linda died impoverished in 1962 of kidney failure. His family suspected that he was bewitched by his musical rivals. He was later diagnosed with kidney failure. (However, at the time, 1961–62, a fast-tempo version by the Karl Denver Trio was the more successful in the UK.) Illness and death ĭuring a performance in 1959, Linda collapsed. The Weavers' Carnegie Hall version was also the inspiration for the 1961 version recorded by popular music group The Tokens, for whom English lyrics were written by George David Weiss and retitled " The Lion Sleeps Tonight" this is the version most often played on popular radio today. The Weavers' version was subsequently covered by The Kingston Trio in 1959. Seeger retitled it " Wimoweh", an approximate phonetic rendering of the song's Zulu language refrain, "uyimbube" ("you are a lion", from "u-", "yi-" and "imbube" ), and it was introduced to America by The Weavers they recorded a studio version in 1952 which became a Top 20 hit in the US, as well as an influential live version recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1955 and released in April 1957. The original South African recording was discovered during the early 1950s by American musicologist Alan Lomax, who gave it to his friend, folk musician Pete Seeger of The Weavers. Groups such as The Alexandrians were associated with the Industrial and Commercial Workers Union in Johannesburg. Such expressions were an occasional feature of Mbube songs. For example, "Yethulisgqoko" ("Take off your hat", Gallo GE 887) recalls treatment by Pass Office officials, and ends with the words "Sikhalela izwe lakithi" ("We cry for our country").
Some of Linda's music can be interpreted as expressing political dissent. At the same time, their bass singing retained some musical elements indicative of traditional choral music. His group was the first known to use striped suits to indicate that they were urban sophisticates. He introduced the falsetto main voice, which incorporated female vocal texture into male singing. Instead of using one singer per voice part, the Evening Birds used a number of bass singers. Linda is credited with a number of musical innovations that came to dominate the isicathamiya style. His song "Mbube" had made him well known in South Africa. While raising a family he continued to perform. In 1948, the Evening Birds disbanded, and a year later Linda married Regina. Unconsciously, Linda sold the rights to Gallo Record Company for 10 shillings (less than US$2) soon after the recording was made. The recording was produced by Motsieloa at the Gallo Recording Studios, in Johannesburg. "Mbube" was a major success for Linda and the Evening Birds, reportedly selling more than 100,000 copies in South Africa by 1949. In 1939, while recording a number of songs in the studio, Linda improvised the song "Mbube" (Lion). Italian immigrant Eric Gallo owned what at that time was sub-Saharan Africa's only recording studio. Sound sample of " Mbube" performed by Solomon Linda's Original Evening Birds (1939).Īfter Linda started working at the Gallo Record Company's Roodepoort plant in 1938 as a record packer, the Evening Birds were witnessed by company talent scout Griffith Motsieloa. Linda's musical popularity grew with the Evening Birds, who presented "a very cool urban act that wears pinstriped suits, bowler hats and dandy two-tone shoes". The group evolved from performances at weddings to choir competitions. They were all Linda's friends from Pomeroy. The members of the group were Solomon Linda (soprano), Gilbert Madondo (alto), Boy Sibiya (tenor), with Gideon Mkhize, Samuel Mlangeni, and Owen Sikhakhane as basses. Linda found employment at Johannesburg's Carlton Hotel and started a new group that retained the Evening Birds name. He worked in the Mayi Mayi Furniture Shop on Small Street and sang in a choir known as the Evening Birds, managed by his uncles, Solomon and Amon Madondo, and which disbanded in 1933. In 1931, Linda, like many other young African men at that time, left his homestead to find menial work in Johannesburg, by then a sprawling gold-mining town with a great demand for cheap labour. He attended the Gordon Memorial mission school, where he learned about Western musical culture, hymns, and participated in choir contests. Solomon Popoli Linda was born near Pomeroy, on the labor reserve Msinga, Umzinyathi District Municipality in Ladysmith in Natal, where he was familiar with the traditions of amahubo and izingoma zomshado (wedding songs) music.
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